How Do I Prove Fault in A Pedestrian Crash?
When an accident occurs, it’s not always clear who was at-fault. Police that arrive on the scene will create a report determining fault by assessing the location of where the accident took place, taking statements from witnesses, and speaking to medics about the injuries sustained. This information they gather in addition to doctor’s reports showing how the pedestrian was hit can also aid in discovering the speed at which the driver was moving.
If the police report determines that the driver is at fault, but the driver denies liability, then an experienced NYC pedestrian injury attorney can help prove your case.
Driver’s Duty of Care
Negligence on behalf of the driver will generally need to be proved in order to recover damages for a bodily injury claim. This means that you will need to show that the defendant owed a duty to use reasonable care but failed to do so and as a result caused your injuries and any damage to your property.
Here are a few of the most common circumstances of how a driver can show negligence:
- Speeding
- Distracted driving (like cellphone use or eating)
- Disobeying traffic signals or signs
- Failing to signal when turning
- Failing to yield the right of way to pedestrians at crosswalks
- Neglecting weather or traffic conditions
- Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs
Although police reports are often inadmissible in court, they can help your attorney locate evidence on your behalf. Examples of evidence that can help in proving fault can include photographs of the accident scene, photos of the car, any available surveillance video, and witness statements.
Who is Liable for A Pedestrian Accident?
When it comes to liability in a New York pedestrian accident, the law states that the car which hit the pedestrian must pay what is known as no fault or first-party benefits. This means that the insurance carrier of the car who hit the pedestrian is responsible for paying for the pedestrian’s care. This includes ambulance and hospital expenses, doctor bills, prescription drugs and diagnostic tests, such as x-rays and MRI’s as well as therapeutic services such as physical therapy.
It also includes lost wages. The total amount paid out by the insurance company cannot exceed $50,000 and it does not include compensation for pain and suffering.
THE DRIVER
The driver of the car that hit the pedestrian is typically considered to be liable, even if the pedestrian was not in a crosswalk, but there are always exceptions. A driver that strikes a pedestrian while they’re in a crosswalk will almost certainly be liable. When you get behind the steering wheel, you are legally obligated to be alert, see hazards and avoid them.
THE PEDESTRIAN
Odds of winning a lawsuit are still in the favor of a pedestrian who was crossing a street outside of the crosswalk, as long as they were aware of the oncoming traffic and did not run into the street. On the other hand, a pedestrian may have a hard time winning a case against the driver if they were jaywalking, which is illegal in New York and most other states.
Here are some other instances where a pedestrian may be liable:
- Disobeying traffic signals. Crossing when a crosswalk signal is flashing “Do Not Walk.” Oncoming traffic has a green light and if the pedestrian crosses anyway then the driver shouldn’t be held liable.
- Walking where prohibited. It is illegal for pedestrians to walk along interstate highways, ramps on and off of highways, some bridges, and causeways. Drivers legally traveling at high rates of speed cannot be expected to avoid striking a pedestrian who is not even authorized to be there.
- Walking while under the influence of drugs or alcohol. When an intoxicated person steps out in into traffic, they are responsible for their actions similarly to how they would be if they were driving while under the influence.
- Walking while distracted. Pedestrians often walk and multitask by reading or texting while crossing an intersection. This behavior puts the pedestrian at greater risk of being hit because they are not fully aware of their surroundings. If an accident occurs, the pedestrian may be found liable in comparison to how they would be if they were engaging in distracted driving.
SHARED FAULT
In the case where both the driver and pedestrian are found to be at fault then the rule of comparative negligence comes into play. This means that the pedestrian’s monetary award will be reduced by the percentage that they are found to be liable. For example, if a pedestrian is awarded $10,000, but are found to be 25% liable for the accident then their award will be reduced by that percentage, resulting n a $7,500 settlement.
LOCAL MUNICIPALITY
If negligence on behalf of the city was the cause of a pedestrian accident then the government entity may be liable. For example, if traffic control devices such as stop lights or stop signs fail, if the way the street is laid out causes a crash, or if the road was not properly maintained then the city could be found partially or fully responsible. While the driver may also bear some liability, the city could be sued for its negligence as well. If you believe this was the cause of your accident, speak to a qualified New York City pedestrian accident lawyer now.
What is Considered a “Serious Injury” in a Pedestrian Accident?
If you have sustained serious injuries in a pedestrian accident, you may be able to bring a claim for compensation against the responsible party. Under state law, your claim must meet the serious injury threshold, which means you have experienced:
- Significant disfigurement;
- Fracture of a bone;
- Permanent limitation of use of an organ or member of the body;
- A significant limitation of use of a body system or function; or
- 90 days of substantially full disability.
When Do Most Pedestrian Accidents Occur in New York City?
Pedestrians have a higher risk of accidents and injuries at night. NHTSA reports that in a recent year, the highest percentage of pedestrian accidents (26%) occurred between 6:00 and 8:59 p.m., followed by 23% between 9:00 and 11:59 p.m. Only 5% of pedestrian accidents occurred between 9:00 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. and only 6% occurred from noon to 2:59 p.m.
Common Causes of Pedestrian Accidents in NYC
Pedestrians have no protection from injury in a collision with a motor vehicle. When pedestrian accidents occur, victims may sustain serious, disfiguring, or disabling injuries. Drivers must exercise reasonable care to prevent accidents, and failure to do so is considered negligence. Types of driver negligence that can lead to pedestrian accidents include:
- Failure to yield the right-of-way to pedestrians in crosswalks
- Distracted driving
- Speeding
- Disobeying traffic signs and signals
- Failing to signal when turning
- Traveling too fast for conditions
- Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs
Total Number of Pedestrian Injuries in December 2018